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In GMAD the SI units are used.
| length |
[m] (metres)
|
| time |
[s] (seconds)
|
| angle |
[rad] (radians)
|
| quadrupole coefficient |
[m^-2]
|
| multipole coefficient 2n poles |
[m^-n]
|
| electric voltage |
[MV] (Megavolts)
|
| electric field strength |
[MV/m]
|
| particle energy |
[GeV]
|
| particle mass |
[GeV/c^2]
|
| particle momentum |
[GeV/c]
|
| beam current |
[A] (Amperes)
|
| particle charge |
[e] (elementary charges)
|
| emittances |
[pi m mrad]
|
| density |
[g/cm^3]
|
| temperature |
[K] (Kelvin)
|
| pressure |
[atm] (atmosphere)
|
| mass number |
[g/mol]
|
There are some predefined numerical values1 are:
| pi | 3.14159265358979
| ||
| GeV | 1 | m | 1
|
| eV | 10^-9 | cm | 10^-2
|
| keV | 10^-6 | mm | 10^-3
|
| MeV | 10^-3 | um | 10^-6
|
| TeV | 10^3 | nm | 10^-9
|
| MV | 1 | s | 1
|
| Tesla | 1 | ms | 10^-3
|
| rad | 1 | us | 10^-6
|
| mrad | 10^-3 | ns | 10^-9
|
| clight | 2.99792458*10^8
|
for example, one can write either 100*eV or 0.1*keV when energy constants are concerned.